STUDIES
Agriculture
This study explored their effects on biological growth. Air nanobubbles improved growth in Brassica campestris, increasing plant height, leaf length, and fresh weight. Fish (sweet fish and rainbow trout) also showed greater weight gains in air nanobubble water compared to regular water. Mice consuming oxygen nanobubble water for 12 weeks had increased weight and length. These results suggest air and oxygen nanobubbles could effectively promote growth across various species.
This study explored their effects on biological growth. Air nanobubbles improved growth in Brassica campestris, increasing plant height, leaf length, and fresh weight. Fish (sweet fish and rainbow trout) also showed greater weight gains in air nanobubble water compared to regular water. Mice consuming oxygen nanobubble water for 12 weeks had increased weight and length. These results suggest air and oxygen nanobubbles could effectively promote growth across various species.
Studies indicate that SSDF can lead to significant yield increases, including 83% in soybean (Jong et al., 2023), 26.6% in seed cotton (Singh et al., 2022a, b), and 82.6% and 70.2% in watermelon and muskmelon, respectively (He et al., 2022). Consequently, SSDF can achieve yields comparable to traditional maize farming while requiring only half the nitrogen input.
In recent studies, nanobubble oxygation (NB) was tested against conventional pump-aerated oxygation (AW) and a control group through soil incubation and column experiments. Results showed that the NB treatment had higher levels of plant-available nitrogen and phosphorus than both the AW and control treatments. Enzymatic activities—such as β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, phosphatase, α-1,4-glucosidase, β-1,4-xylosidase, peroxidase, and phenol oxidase—were markedly elevated in both oxygation groups compared to the control. Additionally, soil microbial biomass, activity, and diversity were significantly enhanced under oxygation. Microbial metabolic functions also shifted in both oxygation-treated groups relative to the control. As a result, the NB-treated group achieved a 23% increase in tomato yield, while the AW-treated group saw a 17% increase compared to the control.
This review examines the effects of different types of nanobubbles—such as those containing oxygen, carbon dioxide, and air—on soil and crop systems. Research has shown that water infused with nanobubbles (NBSW) can boost moisture retention, microbial activity, and nutrient uptake, fostering better plant growth. However, there are still knowledge gaps regarding the stability of different gases, their interactions with soil, and their long-term impacts on agriculture. This review consolidates existing studies, focusing on the effects of various nanobubble types on soil moisture, water quality, and nutrient retention. Challenges remain, including rapid gas dissolution, limited field testing, and issues with scalability. Nevertheless, the findings indicate that NBs offer promise for agricultural improvements, enhancing soil structure and crop yields. Further research is needed to optimize their application, especially in identifying the best gas types and concentrations for specific agricultural environments.
Excessive chemical fertilizer use poses environmental risks, prompting exploration of nanobubble water (NBW) as a sustainable alternative for irrigating rice crops. This study assessed NBW’s impact on growth and nutrient uptake in lab and field settings. Lab tests showed that NBW significantly improved rice seedling height and root length by stimulating the growth hormone gibberellin and activating nutrient absorption genes (OsBT, PiT-1, SKOR). Field results confirmed an 8% rice yield increase with the same fertilizer levels as controls, and similar yields with 25% less fertilizer. Thanks to their hydrophobic and surface-charge properties, nanobubbles enhance nutrient release and absorption, reducing fertilizer needs. This approach offers a promising, eco-friendly irrigation strategy for improving crop yields and reducing fertilizer use.
Nanobubble-saturated water (NBSW) has potential for improving soil and water management.
In tests with silty loam and sandy loam soils, NBSW increased moisture retention and reduced potassium input without greatly affecting leachate. When combined with biochar, NBSW decreased nutrient losses (TDS, NO₃⁻, Ca²⁺, K⁺) and improved water retention, particularly in sandy soils. While NBSW alone had minimal impact on plant growth metrics, its use with biochar increased stomatal conductance and reduced nutrient leaching, showing promise for sustainable agricultural practices
Environmental Exploration of Ultra-Dense Nanobubbles: Rethinking Sustainability
Nanobubbles, stable gas domains in liquids or on surfaces, are gaining attention for their sustainability applications in environmental engineering, water treatment, irrigation, and agriculture. This review highlights recent advancements in nanobubble technology for enhancing crop growth and environmental health. Nanobubbles can act as "nano-carriers" to deliver nutrients or agents directly to targeted areas in ecosystems, offering a transformative approach to green sustainability. The potential for dense nanobubble applications presents promising economic and environmental benefits, paving the way for impactful, sustainable practices in ecosystem management.
MNB irrigation technology offers substantial benefits for rice production by enhancing growth, yield, and nitrogen utilization. However, further study is needed to refine MNB concentration for optimal agricultural outcomes.